Gastrointestinale Infektionen stellen einen der häufigsten Gründe für Arztkonsultationen
in Deutschland dar. Im November 2023 wurde eine Neufassung der deutschen Leitlinie
für gastrointestinale Infektionen veröffentlicht [1]. Der folgende Artikel thematisiert die wichtigsten Empfehlungen zur Diagnostik und
Therapie der ambulanten Gastroenteritis.
Abstract
Gastrointestinal infections are widespread and a major cause of global mortality,
mainly affecting young children and the elderly. In Germany, each resident typically
experiences one episode yearly. After COVID-19 pandemic, gastrointestinal infection
rates have significantly increased again. Acute gastroenteritis typically presents
with sudden stool changes, vomiting, and fever. In Germany, common pathogens include
norovirus, rotavirus, Campylobacter spp., and Salmonella spp. New German guidelines
on infectious gastroenteritis (published 2023) reflect recent studies and international
treatment standards. The diagnosis of acute gastroenteritis should be based on clinical
presentation and a thorough medical history, with stool testing reserved for severe
cases or suspected outbreaks. Symptomatic treatment and rehydration of the patient
are usually sufficient. Antibiotic treatment is generally not recommended except in
severe cases, risk situations or the detection of specific pathogens.
Schlüsselwörter
Gastroenteritis - ambulant erworbene - Salmonellen - Campylobacter - Norovirus
Keywords
gastroenteritis - community acquired - salmonella - Campylobacter - Norovirus
